Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller Essay - 768 Words

This story is about four unethical real estate salesmen who will do whatever it takes to sell undesirable real estate to uninformed buyers. All four salesmen are feeling the constant pressure of management to close sales, but feel they are given poor sales leads. Shelly Levene is a has-been salesman in his fifties, who finds himself in a terrible sales slump, and worries about losing his job. Shelly eventually bribes his manager, John Williamson, to sell him the Glengarry leads, but doesn’t have the cash in advance that John Williamson requests. Ricky Roma has been rather successful, and outwits James Lingk into buying undesirable real estate, by playing to his sense of adventure. Under strain of constant pressure, Dave Moss and†¦show more content†¦Salesmen have tragic endings to their career, Willie commits suicide, and Shelly ends up in prison. One could say that ending up in prison for robber in your late 50’s was just as life ending as Willie’ s suicide; in both accounts, life as you know it is over. John Williamson v. Willie Loman For some reason, I want to relate how the salesmen felt towards John in a similar picture as to how Biff and Happy Loman felt towards Willie. In Glengarry, John is disliked and not respected by the staff because they feel he doesn’t fully understand the pressures of being a salesman, and shows a lack of concern towards their difficulties. While John represented himself as a company man, he was willing to compromise his employment situation by accepting a bribe for the Glengarry leads. As Willie’s sons matured, they showed the same disdain and disrespect for their father, and felt they were constantly being pressured to become successful, like their father. The great irony here was that Willie was not the successful salesman he led everyone to believe. Willie also represented himself and a family man, but he too was willing to compromise his marriage by having at least one affair. While the characters are not exactly equal, they both s how that when push comes to shove, they were willing to compromise a secured position, whether it was a marriage or employment, for self gratification. Both characters portray a lack of leadership, responsibility, ethics, andShow MoreRelatedDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1387 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican play-write Arthur Miller, is undoubtedly Death of a Salesman. Arthur Miller wrote Death of a Salesman in 1949 at the time when America was evolving into an economic powerhouse. Arthur Miller critiques the system of capitalism and he also tells of the reality of the American Dream. Not only does he do these things, but he brings to light the idea of the dysfunctional family. Death of a Salesman is one of America’s saddest tragedies. In Arthur Miller’s, Death of a Salesman, three major eventsRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller888 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman† is a play written by Arthur Miller in the year 1949. The play revolves aroun d a desperate salesman, Willy Loman. Loman is delusioned and most of the things he does make him to appear as a man who is living in his own world away from other people. He is disturbed by the fact that he cannot let go his former self. His wife Linda is sad and lonely; his youngest son Biff is presented as a swinger/player while his eldest son Happy appears anti-business and confused by the behaviorRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1573 Words   |  7 Pagesrepresents a character with a tragic flaw leading to his downfall. In addition, in traditional tragedy, the main character falls from high authority and often it is predetermined by fate, while the audience experiences catharsis (Bloom 2). Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman is considered to be a tragedy because this literary work has some of the main characteristics of the tragedy genre. In this play, the main character Willy Loman possesses such traits and behaviors that lead to his downfall, and theRe ad MoreDeath of Salesman by Arthur Miller972 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play Death of a Salesman by the playwright Arthur Miller, the use of names is significant to the characters themselves. Many playwrights and authors use names in their works to make a connection between the reader and the main idea of their work. Arthur Miller uses names in this play extraordinarily. Not only does Miller use the names to get readers to correlate them with the main idea of the play, but he also uses names to provide some irony to the play. Miller uses the meanings of someRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1628 Words   |  7 PagesArthur Miller wrote the Pulitzer Prize winning play Death of a Salesman in 1949. The play inflated the myth of the American Dream of prosperity and recognition, that hard work and integrity brings, but the play compels the world to see the ugly truth that capitalism and the materialistic world distort honesty and moral ethics. The play is a guide toward contemporary themes foreseen of the twentieth century, which are veiled with greed, power, and betrayal. Miller’s influence with the play spreadRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller949 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman can be described as modern tragedy portraying the remaining days in the life of Willy Loman. This story is very complex, not only because of it’s use of past and present, but because of Willy’s lies that have continued to spiral out of control throughout his life. Arthur Miller puts a modern twist on Aristotle’s definition of ancient Greek tragedy when Willy Loman’s life story directly identifies the fatal flaw of the â€Å"American Dream†. Willy Loman’s tragic flaw can be recappedRead MoreThe Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller846 Words   |  4 PagesA Dime a Dozen The Death of a Salesman is a tragedy written by playwright Arthur Miller and told in the third person limited view. The play involves four main characters, Biff, Happy, Linda, and Willy Loman, an ordinary family trying to live the American Dream. Throughout the play however, the family begins to show that through their endeavors to live the American Dream, they are only hurting their selves. The play begins by hinting at Willy’s suicidal attempts as the play begins with Linda askingRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller Essay2538 Words   |  11 PagesSurname 1 McCain Student’s Name: Instructor’s Name: Course: Date: Death of a Salesman Death of a salesman is a literature play written by American author Arthur Miller. The play was first published in the year 1949 and premiered on Broadway in the same year. Since then, it has had several performances. It has also received a lot of accordances and won numerous awards for its literature merit including the coveted Pulitzer for drama. The play is regarded by many critics as the perfectRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller2081 Words   |  9 Pages#1 â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller is a tragedy, this play has only two acts and does not include scenes in the acts. Instead of cutting from scene to scene, there is a description of how the lighting focuses on a different place or time-period, which from there, they continue on in a different setting. The play doesn’t go in chronological order. A lot of the play is present in Willy’s flashbacks or memories of events. This provides an explanation of why the characters are acting a certainRead MoreDeath Of Salesman By Arthur Miller1475 Words   |  6 Pagesto death to achieve their so- called American dream. They live alone and there is no love of parents and siblings. They may have not noticed the America dream costs them so much, which will cause a bigger regret later. In the play Death of Salesman, Arthur Miller brings a great story of a man who is at very older age and still works hard to achieve his desire, which is the American dream. Later, he no tices that his youth is gone and there is less energy in his body. Willy Loman is a salesman, who

Nigeria Literature - 1569 Words

3.2. Sources of Data The researcher sourced materials from literatures published from 2000-2015, with the exception of press articles (which were excluded owing to time constraints on the project) were included in the review. The review was carried out in a methodical manner using the three main secondary sources to find literature: electronic databases using Google; as well as search functions of journals, reports and publications; and government websites where relevant literature where identified through content analysis. The collection of data was guided by the search strings displaced below in Table 1. Ideally, the literature is reviewed in line with the three research assumptions identified for this study. Ideally, the literature†¦show more content†¦For the purpose of our content analysis, we adopted qualitative descriptive method to examine the estimation of Nigeria – EU migration. The pattern of passenger journeys is complex, with visitors and migrants coming into and out of Europ e for a variety of reasons and for a variety of lengths of stay. Most Nigerians migrants will enter Europe legally, though some will arrive as illegal migrants. Some come to find work, some to study, others to join existing family members and some to seek protection from abuse or persecution in their home country (asylum seekers). Some migrants will come with dependents. Some will come to Europe as visitors and then decide to stay for a longer period, sometimes for more than 12 months (visitor switchers). Others will come as migrants with the intention of staying for a long period but then change their mind and return within 12 months (migrant switchers). Some migrants will be highly skilled, others less so, seeking manual and semi-skilled employment. Some will emigrate permanently from Europe; others will leave for a short or extended length of time but then return. Some Nigerian migrants will come to Europe, stay in one place for only a short period but then move on to a more perm anent residence. The length of time a Nigerian migrant stays in Europe is a major issue when interpreting migration statistics. Those staying for less than three months,Show MoreRelatedNigeria Literature Review711 Words   |  3 PagesNigeria is a transit country for illegal wildlife trade both at domestic and international market levels of the threatened African Giant Pangolin, Elephant Ivory, the Nigerian Cameroon Chimpanzee, and Vultures. Despite being a signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), the level of compliance in upholding the objectives of this Convention at the Federal Government level is very poor and ineffective. 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Even when torn apart, Nigeria has pulled itself back together and grown stronger. There are many aspects to Nigeria’s culture that are worth considering. But o ne aspect of Nigeria has proven itself to be richRead MoreChimamanda Adichies Speech : Do You Truly Know?893 Words   |  4 PagesDo You Truly Know? As a child, Chimamanda Adichie, born in Nigeria, began to write about what she had read in British and American children’s books- a single story. Although never being outside of Nigeria, she composed the same, ideal foreign character within every story. When she first discovered African books, her outlook changed. She realized that people like her, with a darker skin complexion, could also exist in literature. (Tedtalks 2:11) Adichie’s success in her speech was achieved in theRead MoreA Study on the Author, Chinua Achebe 1467 Words   |  6 Pages A STUDY OF THE AUTHOR, CHINUA ACHEBE Chinua Achebe was born unto a Nigerian parents in Nigeria on November 16, 1930. He was from a family that born six kids; he being the fifth among them. Chinua Achebe’s parents were Isaiah Okafor Achebe and Janet Achebe. He begin an English at eight in Ogidi, Nigeria. Encouraged by his father, he was excited to learned English quickly. His father Isaiah Achebe was one of the first that converted from their religion to Christianity and he also foundedRead MoreAnalysis Of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie The Dangers Of A Single Story 986 Words   |  4 Pagesvarious literature is crucial in avoiding the dangers of a single story because literature allows readers access to the immense library of knowledge from millions of writers. Readers have the privilege to see the world from thousands of different perspectives which allow individuals to immerse in a world from the author’s point of view and reflect upon their own lives. Consequently, readers make better decisions and are more open-minded compared to individuals who do not study the literature. StudyingRead MoreA Description of Nigeria1278 Words   |  6 PagesNigeria Essay Located in West Africa, Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous worldwide. Thanks to its natural resources, especially oil, its economy is among the fastest growing in the world. From 1901 until its independence in 1960, Nigeria was a British colony. Great Britain decided to grant Nigeria its independence because after World War II Nigeria’s economy was very poor. Comprised of over 250 ethnic groups, as well as a population that is split religiouslyRead MoreA Great Tree Has Fallen: Words of Chinua Achebe Essay1124 Words   |  5 PagesChinua Achebe Imaginative literature †¦ does not enslave; it liberates the mind of man. Its truth is not like the canons of orthodoxy or the irrationality of prejudice and superstition. It begins as an adventure in self-discovery and ends in wisdom and humane conscience. â€Å"The Truth of Fiction† in Hopes and Impediments: Selected Essays 1988 In the mid 20th century Africa was once more starting to find its own voice, having been gagged by centuries of colonial oppression. For all that time the storyRead MoreThe Threat Of Boko Haram Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesIndependent from British ruling since 1960, Nigeria today still suffers from ethnical and religious divisions as well as unequal distribution of power and resources among its regions. A high degree of violence and insecurity has shaped Nigeria’s political framework since colonial times. The region is characterized by systematic human under-development and socio-political decay. 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Developing a Product Free Essays

string(274) " sauce from JJ food or from a supermarket; but according to the questionnaire Rocco’s Pizza filled out, they use their own special sauce which they make themselves Cheese- The cheese is poured on top of the pizza and is grated so it can be scattered around the pizza\." The business I am studying is called ‘Rocco’s Pizza’. Rocco’s Pizza was established in 1980 and is a franchise whose stores are located in Bristol, Southampton, Surrey and Camberley. The store I am studying is Located in Greenford – London. We will write a custom essay sample on Developing a Product or any similar topic only for you Order Now Rocco’s Pizza mainly sells low – medium quality pizza. As well as pizza, they sell other appetisers such as garlic bread, chips, chicken wings, ice cream and soft drinks. Rocco’s pizza has their own online store (http://www.roccospizza.co.uk) in which customers can place there order and get it delivered, or have it collected in stores. The main product the shop sells is a pizza. Before the pizza is made, the employee has to make the dough which is made from flour mixed into water. The size of the dough depends on the size the customer order. They come is a variety of sizes from 7 inches (small) to 15 inches (extra large). Once the dough is made, they flatten it out into a circular shape and add the basic cheese and tomato sauce. They then add a variety of topping which is decided by the customer such as Pepperoni, Chicken, Mushrooms, Sweetcorn, Bacon etc. They come with a choice of crust: deep pan – a thick crust that goes around the edges of the pizza or no crust. Once the raw pizza is made, it is put into the oven. While it is in the oven, the pizza rises, the cheese melts and the toppings are cooked. After it is cooked, it is immediately put into a box so it is kept freshed and is either delivered to the customer or given to them in store. The shop I am studying is located next to a school. This is a very good location as the students are likely to go out for their lunch and having a fast food restaurant next to a school would mean the student are more likely to go there. However they face competitors with other fast food restaurants nearby such as 2in1 Pizza, Lahore Spice and Harry’s Fish Bar. Their competitors are a major concern as they’re located closer to the school which make the students more likely to go there them rather than their shop. Form and Function: Form is the appearance of an item – what it looks like. For example the form of a football is a sphere. Aesthetic is the beauty of a product – people buy the product based on its look for example a piece of art. The form the dough of the pizza before it is cooked is a pale colour and has a circular shape once it’s flattened out. After the pizza has been baked in the oven, it rises and the colour of the crust turns from a pale colour to a brown colour. The toppings, along with the cheese, on the pizza become cooked and the colours become darker. The form of the box is a cuboid. It is made from cardboard with information on it written from ink. The lid of the box tucks inside so it is easy to open and it leaves minimum opened space so it is kept fresh for longer. It is small and compact so the pizza doesn’t move around inside. The function of a product is what it does. For example the function of USB flash drive is to store and back up files. The main function of the pizza is to be eaten by customers. It also has to look and smell good so it would attract to the customer. The main reason why people eat is to satisfy their need to eat. Another reason why they eat it is for its taste. The function of the box of the pizza is to keep the box fresh. It also advertises the business i.e. through its logo and it gives instructions on how to reheat the pizza. Another thing the box does is it informs the customers of the business such as contact details. The box has flaps on the inside to support the lid. The dough on the pizza is rough when it’s made but once it’s rolled out, it has a smooth feel. Flour is put on it so it doesn’t stick to the surface when it’s being rolled out and can be easily removed after it has been baked. Once it has been baked, it has a softer texture which mainly due to the pizza being raised. The cheese also has a softer texture because it has been melted. The toppings on the pizza and the base turn darker as it has been cooked. Quality of Materials: Rocco’s Pizza buys their materials from JJ Food. They buy it from here as they provide a range of different materials such as packaging and ingredients. They chose to buy from their as they’re relatively cheap and also provide to other fast food retails such as ‘Ali’s Fast Food’ and ‘Chicken Ranch’. However, not all of their products are bought from JJ Food. For example, they buy their sweetcorn from retailers such as Tescos as it is more convenient for them Rocco’s Pizza uses medium quality materials. They use this as they want to provide their customers with a good service whilst making as much profit as possible at the same time. If they used high quality materials, they would have to charge a higher price for the pizza which may lose customers. If they used low quality materials the customers won’t be satisfied and my never go there again. The ingredients involved in making a basic pizza are: flour, cheese, tomato sauce and the extra topping decided by the customer. These again are all medium as they can’t afford to purchase high quality materials. The basic ingredients: Flour – This is used to make the base of the pizza. The base is use to hold the rest of the toppings. Pizza- Normally small fast food restaurant would buy their pizza sauce from JJ food or from a supermarket; but according to the questionnaire Rocco’s Pizza filled out, they use their own special sauce which they make themselves Cheese- The cheese is poured on top of the pizza and is grated so it can be scattered around the pizza. Selection of topping in which the customers can choose from: The toppings they have are: Pepperoni, Ham, Mushrooms, Onions, Green Peppers, Tomato Beef, Pork, Smoky Bacon, BBQ Sauce, Chicken Chunks, Prawns, Tuna, Anchovies, Pineapple, Jalapenos, sweetcorn, and Mexican Beans. Rocco’s Pizza allows their customers to choose from a selection of topping as they don’t want them restricted the choices of pizza they provide. Also, because different people like a different combinations of toppings. Customer Service: Customer service is the services the business provides for its customers. Different business offer different services as they have different budgets. For example Tesco can offer more services such as delivery unlike a local retailer. Rocco’s Pizza offers these types of services to its customers to enhance their reputation as there a competitors nearby i.e. 2in1 Pizza. They also want their customers to be satisfied so they will want to shop there again Rocco’s Pizza’s offers a variety of services to its customers. One of these is free delivery however to be eligible for this, the order must be à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½8.99 or more. Delivery is only available around limited areas as it would cost them a lot if they were to deliver to wider areas. Delivery can be done over the phone or at the counter at the customer’s convenience. It can even be done online. This is useful as they customer can change what they’re purchasing before they’ve ordered it. If they did this over the phone, they could cause annoyance to the staff. It also allows them to view the menu so they can see any special offers available Delivery is offers so they can get a wider audience. If they didn’t offer it, their only customers will be the local people however, since they do offer delivery, customers who don’t live so close can order from them at the convenience of their own homes and get it delivered to them for free. Rocco’s Pizza allows their customer to pay via debit or credit card. This is convenient for their customers as they don’t have to carry around money with them when buying from the shop. They can also control the amount they spend as is they pay with cash; the customers may have some change left over and spend it on other stuff. Paying via credit/debit card can be done in stores through the credit card reader. Rocco’s Pizza can’t offer return on purchases because it is food. It can only be returned if there is something faulty with the pizza for example if a hair is found in there; however this is a very rare occurrence. If there is something faulty with the pizza such as if the wrong toppings are put on, then they can either offer the customer with a refund or a freshly baked new pizza. Rocco’s Pizza gives their customers offers to attract them. They have 4 deals in which they provide to their customers: 1. Buy any medium pizza and you can get the 2nd, up to the same value, for à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2.00 2. Buy any Large Pizza and get the 2nd, up to the same value, for à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3.00 3. Buy a medium Margherita with up to 5 toppings, with Garlic Sticks or Garlic Bread, a portion of Potato Wedges and 2 cans of soft drink for à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½12.49 4. Buy A Large Margherita with up to 5 toppings, with Garlic Sticks or Garlic Bread, Hot Wings or BBQ Wings and a 1.5 litre soft drink for à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½15.99 The waiting time at Rocco’s Pizza is average. The delivery time is roughly 30 minutes as they have to make the pizza and deliver it to the customer’s house. If there are delays, the customers may get frustrated and may never shop their again. They may even refuse to take it a demand for a refund. If people aren’t satisfied with their customer service they’re providing for example the waiting time is long, then they could complain to the manager. However it is not always bad as they can take the complaints as feedback and improve from it. Resources: Physical: Like every other business, Rocco’s Pizza needs a building in order to start selling. This is put on land. They use a lot of resources in the day-to-day running. One example of a resource they use is an oven. They use this to bake the pizza. They have around three to four of these as it speeds up if there are a few people ordering a pizza at the same time. They also need a kitchen in the building to make the pizza. The kitchen is also used to wash any dishes such as pizza trays and cups. The shop front is separate from the kitchen and is used to serve the customers. Rocco’s Pizza has their own delivery vehicle. It is used to deliver pizza to the customers’ house. The delivery vehicle has to have enough fuel to last enough deliveries otherwise the customers will get frustrated. Rocco’s Pizza use a car over a motorbike as it is less likely to get spoilt. However unlike a car, a motorbike can get through traffic more easily and get to the customers house quicker. The tools required to make pizza: Pizza cutter – This is used to cut the pizza into even slices. It goes from one edge of the pizza to the opposite. The number of times it is done depends on the size of the pizza for example, if it is a 7 inch pizza, it would be cut 2 times making 4 even slices whereas if it was a large 12 inch pizza, it would be cut 6 times making 12 even slices. A separate cutter is used for vegetarian pizzas and non-vegetarian pizzas so no trace of meat gets passed. Oven – This appliance is used to bake the pizza in. The person who operates it, sets the temperature and waits till the pizza has finished baking. The over would have a see-through glass on it so the staff can see whether it’s cooked or not. Rocco’s Pizza would have around 3 – 4 of these in their shop as they can make more pizzas if there are a few people ordering at the same time. Pizza tray- The pizza tray has 2 purposes. One of these purposes is a mould. The staff can place the pizza base inside the try so they can get the exact size of it. For example, if a customer ordered a small 7 inch pizza, the staff would get the 7 inch tray and place the pizza base on it so they can get a perfect 7 inch pizza. This is useful as they don’t have to waste time measuring in out themselves. The other purpose of the pizza tray is to hold everything together whilst it is being baked in the oven. Rolling pin – This is used to flatten out the dough into the pizza base before it is placed on the pizza tray. Human: Human resources and the people used to make an item. The main person who works at Rocco’s Pizza is the manager. He is the person in charge of the business and chooses who to employ. He also makes major decision such as what the money is going to be spent on. Rocco’s Pizza tries to minimise the amount of employees they have in order to make a bigger profit. There a different types of staffs who work at Rocco’s Pizza. One example is the person who works at the shop front operating the till. They take the customer’s order, take their money and give them their change and receipt. Another employee who works at Rocco’s Pizza is the kitchen staff/chef. This staffs makes the pizza based on the customer’s order. The final staff that work there are the delivery people. These people take the order and deliver it to the customer’s house The staffs are given training in order to perform their role better. For example the staff that operates at the till will be given training on how to work the till faster making waiting queues shorter. The kitchen staff would be given training on hygiene and the delivery people would be given training on taking different (shorter) routes so they can get to the customers houses quicker. Financial: Financial resources are the fund which is available to the business which is used to run and make a product. According to the questionnaire, Rocco’s Pizza needed à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½100,000 to start up. The used two sources of finance – internal and external to gather the money: The internal sources of finance they use, is retained profit. This is the profit made the business in which the owner invested back in. This source of finance is useful for Rocco’s Pizza as they don’t have to pay back interest on it and they have the cash immediately there however the money could be used for other reason such for the owners own personal use. One external sources of finance they use, is a loan. This is when they borrow money from the bank and pay it back with regular instalment with interest added on. The advantage of using this is that they can borrow how much they need whenever they want but they must pay back interest and it could take some time to get the loan approved. The finance used by Rocco’s Pizza is used for many purposes. The main reasons they use it is to buy the materials from JJ Food. They buy it in bulks as they get it at a discounted price. This is good for Rocco’s Pizza as they get it cheaper and it is good for JJ Foods as they’re getting a large order. Another way in which they use the finance is to pay the employee’s wages. This is their major expenditure so they have to only get the right number of employees as they’re not a very large business. Rocco’s Pizza Also uses the finance available to expand on their business. For example they can buy more hi-tech equipment like a better oven. They can also use it to expand on the building itself as it is relatively small. Rocco’s Pizza has the tough challenge of paying bills. They have to pay bills for water, electricity, heating, lighting and the worse of them all, business tax. They have to try and minimise any wasted resources in order to reduce bills. A way in which they could do this is by turning of the lights and radiators when they’re not in use. A computer is an important financial resource to Rocco’s Pizza. It is important to them as it is used to draw up financial data such as cash flow forecasts, budgets, profit loss accounts and balance sheets. They can use this data to see how well their business if doings convince bank manager to take out a loan should they require one. Materials: The material resources are the equipments needed to make an item. For hygienic reasons, the staffs at Rocco’s Pizza have to wear equipment while they are making the pizza. An example of an equipment wear is hairnets. This goes over the head and is used to prevent any hair pieces from falling on to the pizza. They also wear rubber gloves when preparing the pizza to stop and dirt or bacteria from spreading. This is used as a precaution when though the employees wash their hand before they are making pizza. Rocco’s pizza has a computer located in their store which has many purposes. One of which is to order stock from JJ Food. They use the computer to select the amount of quantity they want and to enter their shipping and contact details. Another reason they use a computer is to design and print out their leaflets. They would use a software like Microsoft Word as it has a variety of features such as word art and a wide selection of fonts. They also have a till which is used to calculate the customer’s order and is also used to print out their receipts. The till also contains change in which the cashier has to give to the customer if they don’t have any change. How to cite Developing a Product, Papers

Consider the dramatic significance of Act 3 Scene 4, The Banquet Scene Essay Example For Students

Consider the dramatic significance of Act 3 Scene 4, The Banquet Scene Essay The scene opens with Macbeth talking to the Lords at the banquet he has thrown to celebrate his coronation. The Lords thank him for this and then Macbeth then talks about how he would, mingle with society rather than be a dictator. In the BBC 2 stage production, the most striking aspects at the opening are that the banquet hall is very dark and only the top table is shown through the entire scene, so we really dont get the impression that its a proper banquet as such. Also Macbeth has an extremely dominating voice and the characterisation is quite befitting of a king. e appears to be a strong leader from our first impressions. In Polanskis film, there is much more artistic licence because the film isnt faced with the restrictions that a stage production is. As such, the banquet hall is will lit and the hall is filled with guests and slaves. Also there is bear bating in a characterisation of line 100, Approach thou like the rugged Russian bear. This is proof of the greater artistic licence that Polanskis version has, as they can even have live animals on set. A close up of Macbeth is used at this point showing him enjoying the scene, and this portrays the savagery of the human world. Macbeth is characterised as weaker than in the BBC2 version, and the actor is younger. Almost immediately the first murderer appears and starts to inform Macbeth of the murder they have committed on his behalf, in the privacy of an empty hall. The murderer tells Macbeth about how they (the murderers), dispatchd , Banquo, but how his son Fleance escaped their grasp. Macbeth is unhappy at this news (I had else been perfect; whole as marble, founded as the rock), but nevertheless he is pleased that Banquo is safe. The murderer departs as Lady Macbeth enters the hall with the promise from Macbeth of ,to-morrow, Well hear ourselves again. In Polanskis version the murderers are killed by Macbeths men and their blood soaked carcasses are dragged through the castle leaving the ground stained with the deed. This again points to the savagery of Macbeth. The play continues with Lady Macbeth telling off her husband for neglecting his guests. She says that the banquet has gone flat due to his absence and forces his return. On his return Lennox asks Macbeth to sit, but before he goes to do this, he addresses his guests about the absence of Banquo, performing what can only be described as a character assassination of him. He implies that Banquos absence is out of disrespect to his king, rather than any misfortune which has befallen him on his way, as Banquo is not the sort of person who would get himself into trouble easily. Ross agrees with his king and says, His absence, lays blame upon his promise. We immediately see however that Banquo is there in the form of a ghost, that only Macbeth is able to say. When Ross asks the king to grace the subjects with ,your royal company, Macbeth remarks that thetable is full, because at this point the ghost of Banquo has already entered and has taken Macbeths seat at the table. Lennox points to Macbeths reserved seat but Macbeth then says Where? , he sees that the seat is occupied. Lennox asks him, What is t that moves your highness? , and Macbeth realises that this is the ghost of Banquo who is sitting in his seat. In Polanskis production there is a physical manifestation of the ghost in Macbeths seat. It is a very graphic image and is meant to be disturbing; it again shows the greater artistic licence that is available to Polanski. In the BBC 2 production, the ghost is just an empty space which only Macbeth can see. This could possibly be more effective however for the viewer as he/she is forced to use their imagination to visualise the ghost and the imagination can be more powerful than a visual phenomenon. .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 , .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 .postImageUrl , .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 , .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6:hover , .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6:visited , .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6:active { border:0!important; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6:active , .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6 .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua4352e46f355259489a630116cb8d5c6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Star wars Episode I Summary EssayIt is at this point in the film version that Macbeth drops his goblet on the floor and immediately a servant falls to his knees to clear the spillage. This shows us the power of Macbeth, and more importantly it symbolises the spilling of blood that has dominated Macbeths rise to power. The slave wiping it up is symbolic of the way that Macbeth is able to cover up all that he has done. We see through Macbeths shouting at the ghost of Banquo that he still has guilt and that despite the fact that he has committed the most dreadful sins, he is still human. It could be said that Banquos ghost is a manifestation of all of Macbeths guilt. It is because of his humanity that he has the fit. Lady Macbeth is quick to make and excuse for her husbands shouting at the ghost of Banquo ( my lord is often thus, And hath been from his youth: pray you keep your seat). his shows her resourcefulness and ironically this is the last time we see her with her sanity. She appears strong and in control. In a previous scene we observed Lady Macbeth taunt her husband for being weak, and again the irony shows itself as she is the one who looses her sanity first. Lady Macbeth then brings her husband aside and tries to talk some sort of sense to him. She is very impatient and refers to the dagger that Macbeth claimed had led him to Duncan. She rubbishs his claim to have seen the ghost and calls him crazy. She then gets Macbeth to return to the banquet, (My worthy lord, Your noble friends do lack you). When Macbeth returns to the banquet, the ghost has disappeared, and he toasts his missing friend. This is to cover up any suspicions that people at the banquet may have about Banquos absence. There is an ironic juxtaposition in as far as as soon as Macbeth has finished his toast to his missing comrade, the ghost reappears. Macbeth is utterly appalled and he says ,Avaunt! and quit my sight! Let the earth hide thee! . This again shows us that Macbeth still has human qualities. Lady Macbeth tries to cover up again, but Macbeth continues his rant. In the BBC 2 version of Macbeth, there is a lot of tension built up through the fasting talking Macbeth. The actor makes animal like noises, which show the dehumanisation of Macbeth. When Macbeth finishes his rage with the words, Unreal mockery, hence! , the ghost vanishes and doesnt reappear again. Macbeth calms down and he says, I am a man again. Pray you, sit still. However the, most admird disorder, of Macbeths causes Lady Macbeth to send all the guests home. This is a turning point in both the play and Macbeths rule as king, and it shows the fine line between order and disorder. As soon as the hall has cleared, the epilogue of the scene begins. In the BBC2 version, this is were Macbeth really becomes dehumanised. His voice crescendos to a peak and then returns to animal like grunting noises. Macbeth asks his wife, What is the night? and his wife replies, Almost at odds with morning, which is which. This stems from the opening of the play with the fair is foul and foul is fair theme. This comment about the time is very symbolic. Just as the twighlight is in the sky as they speak, and dark is battling with the light of the morning, the forces of good and evil are duelling in Macbeths head. This is shown immediately when Macbeth asks whu Macduff wasnt present at the banquet. Macbeth is now targetting his comrade. Macbeth then talks about what he will do about the vision he had. He decides that he will go and see the witches, and when he says, And betimes I will-to the weird sisters:, he is accepting the evil that has infiltrated him. .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 , .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 .postImageUrl , .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 , .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110:hover , .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110:visited , .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110:active { border:0!important; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110:active , .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110 .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u66abe7862b74a4241ef8ca9dbdf14110:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ambiguity in Princess Mononoke EssayHe now thinks that it will be easier to continue with the blood shed, rather than seek redemption for the murders that he has already committed. e hints that there may be voices controlling him. Lady Macbeths response is one of worry, (You lack the season of all natures, sleep). This is a homely remedy rather than one which will make any real difference. Lady Macbeth cannot understand the evil any more, and she is out of her depth. This is the start of the breakdown of their relationship. The most chilling aspect of this scene comes right at the end. Macbeth says, We are but young in deed, and this shows us that there may be more heinous crimes to come in the play.

Struggles between religious groups

Sixteenth century is a period that was marked by constant struggles between religious groups as each religion tried to establish their practices and traditions throughout the world. These battles would become so rampant over the years, thus causing a lot of tension in some religious groups.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Struggles between religious groups specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Christianity, which was highly represented by the Roman Catholic Church, was among the groups that would undergo significant changes as a result of these tensions. Before the Sixteenth century, the church had strongly established itself in most parts of Europe compared to any other Christian church. However, in the wake of the sixteenth century, a lot of opposition against Roman Catholicism was observed in Northern Europe and Central Europe, where some people who had perceived different interpretations of the church’s doc trine came out openly to stage their views. Without any doubt the Protestant Reformation would not have been possible without the contribution of Martin Luther. The strong authority of Roman Catholicism over the other churches was based on their doctrine, which strongly links the church foundation to Jesus Christ. The doctrine further states that, the designation of Apostle Peter as the first pontiff of the church by Christ Himself marked the humble beginning of the church. Martin Luther, an ex-Roman Catholic Monk who was not convinced by the truth in these views went on to stage serious opposition to the church and its practices. Luther used the power of media to publicize his numerous theses that outlined his disagreement with the church, thus setting the stage for the Protestant Reformation. In his revolt against Roman Catholicism, Martin Luther challenged various traditions and practices aligned to the church. For instance, Luther condemned the sale of indulgences in the church as a way through which followers can be pardoned of their sins. In regard with this practice, Luther would base his views on the claim that, it was only through faith that salvation comes to people, whereby Faith is acquired through contemplation of the scriptures (MacCulloch 65). Luther went on to challenge the authority of the Pope, making it clear that salvation was a divine gift that comes freely to people after they have truly repented their sins before God.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Luther also raised complaints about the luxurious lifestyles that were associated with the Church administrators. Luther and his followers also denounced some key customs and beliefs associated with the church such as pilgrimages, fasts, saints’ veneration, and the belief on purgatory among other aspects. Another interesting observation by Luther that would raise a lot of contro versy was the perception that clergy should be allowed to marry. I personally believe that Martin Luther was right about his attacks on Roman Catholicism. Apart from what was contained in the doctrine of the Church, Luther simply had a different imagination about faith, and in that case, his main interest was to influence Catholics to believe on his own mold of salvation that appeared to be more perfect. In this regard, thinking that Luther was wrong by using abuse to attack the church would be a mistaken perception. The truth of the matter is that, rather that following the misleading lessons of the Roman Catholic church , Luther just used the revolutionary path to seek true salvation for himself and anybody else who would believe in his views and suggestions. The Eastern Orthodox Church shares a lot in common with the Roman Catholic Church, and some of these similarities were just what Martin Luther disagreed with. For example, just like the Catholics, the Orthodox also claims to be a true church of Christ, whose origins can be traced back to the apostles. Moreover, the Orthodox maintains the idea of apostolic succession and they also affirm the Trinity, among other aspects of the Roman Catholic doctrine. In fact, these were some of the reasons why Martin Luther never considered Eastern Orthodox as a valid alternative to Roman Catholicism. More importantly, the Eastern Orthodox Church did not fit in the call of the Lutherans for a clear interpretation of the scriptures in all aspects of Christianity. Martin Luther was also the pioneer of anti-Jewishness that would flourish in Germany, owing to his various publications that openly expressed his hatred for Jews (Placher 27). Luther may not have invented anti-Semitism, but his works played a significant role in promoting the prejudice to a level that had never been observed before in Europe. By vehemently criticizing the Jews and their religious practices, Luther unconsciously influenced people, particularly th e Germans, to have a negative outlook on the Jews. His Libel against Jews brought unfortunate repercussions on the group during the Holocaust. The Jews were driven from their homes and into concentration camps, where they were exposed to all kinds of inhuman acts such as hard labor, poor diet, and cruel deaths.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Struggles between religious groups specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As it is observed from this essay, Martin Luther was one person who has had serious impact in modern Christianity. Through his many theses challenging Roman Catholicism, he had succeeded to convince people about the many faults that existed in the Roman Catholic doctrine. This way, Luther set the pace for the historical Protestant Reformation that, apart from unveiling a better understanding of faith would also bring the authority and corruption within Roman Catholicism to an end. It is also clear here that , apart from being the mind behind the Protestant Reformation, Luther had also pioneered anti-Semitism in Europe. Works Cited Chidester, David. Christianity: A Global History, New York: HarperCollins, 2000. Print. MacCulloch, Diarmaid. The Reformation: A History, New York: Viking Press, 2004. Print. Placher, William. A History of Christian Theology: An Introduction, Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1983. Print. This essay on Struggles between religious groups was written and submitted by user Enzo O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

An Astrologers Day, Dusk and The Umbrella Man Essays

An Astrologers Day, Dusk and The Umbrella Man Essays An Astrologers Day, Dusk and The Umbrella Man Essay An Astrologers Day, Dusk and The Umbrella Man Essay An Astrologers Day by R.K Narayan Dusk by H.H Munro (Saki) The Umbrella Man by Roald Dahl In many ways, An Astrologers Day, is a thriller and is filled with an uncanny suspense which is revealed only at the end. And yet, like all his other stories, here R.K Narayan deals with the life of an ordinary Indian man whose life, when touched by Fate, had altered dramatically. The suspense which is cleverly maintained till the haunting end ensures that the reader will keep turning the pages, and when the end does arrive there is not just a sense of relief alone but also a sense of simple astonishment that is breathtaking. Indeed, this is a fine suspense story. The story of Dusk begins on a very pessimistic note as the author, H.H Munro describes all the defeated people of the world who come out of their homes in the dusk time so that they do not have to meet successful people. However, the rest of the story has little to do with this pessimism and we are drawn into the brilliant plan of a confidence trickster who was out to make money on some gullible victim. The end of the story is bound to make the reader laugh and wonder at the wit and creativity of a master storyteller. The Umbrella Man by Roald Dahl, is about a confidence trickster, but unlike the other stories this is told from a childs perspective which adds to the humor and charm of this narration. A mother and her little daughter are tricked into buying an expensive umbrella for a throwaway price; but they soon realize that not only the seller is a genuine seller but has a strange reason for selling the umbrella, and that they have been shortchanged in spite of buying the umbrella dirt cheap. There is an element of suspense in all three stories which keeps the readers on pins and needles till the very end. R.K Narayan kicks off the story by subtly narrating the life of the lower class Indian i.e the astrologer and the surroundings in which he works. The narrator does not re

Paper on your career or dream Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Paper on your career or dream - Essay Example In a similar way, I thought that the best career path I should follow was that of a nurse. Reading interesting stories about the way nurses saved lives made me want to become a nurse in my life. As I progressed through school, I realized that nurses only provided care to patients with doctors playing the most important role in saving lives. However, becoming a medical doctor did not attract me as the appropriate career choice. After joining college to undertake a marketing course, I still have not discovered my career choice although I have engaged in modeling with the view of traveling around the world next year. Nonetheless, travelling around the world will open my viewpoint about various perspectives that will make me identify the choice of career path that I will follow although I think the business world appears more appealing and the best choice for anyone traveling across the world. Consequently, my marketing course will help me market the future business that I will engage in with my traveling exploits creating contacts that will become crucial once I started practicing

The Inspiration of Ignatius of Loyola and Why the Society of Jesus is Essay

The Inspiration of Ignatius of Loyola and Why the Society of Jesus is Different - Essay Example According to the discussion a small cannon ball shattered his right leg and although he submitted himself to surgery, it was only so that he would be deformed with a limp that he carried on through life. To relieve his boredom while recuperating, he asked someone for knightly romances, but was instead handed a book of piety, which â€Å"significantly changed the course of his life and indirectly influenced hundreds of thousands of people over the next five centuries.†This paper outlines that although such a prevailing contribution to the Society resulted from his conversion, his time at Manresa was not all an easy path. From the outset, he doubted about sustaining his new life for many decades to come, but was able to recognize God’s grace, which had liberated him from such doubts. Hence, despite obstacles such as money and support, he was able to initiate his new religious order. As Donnelly emphasized, Loyola "was certain God was calling him to help souls," but how wo uld he accomplish such task? This is exactly what makes the Society of Jesus particularly different from other religious orders, from this paper’s point of view.  Loyola's goal for the Society of Jesus was to "win people to Christ and reform their lives," but in order to do so, he and his followers knew that they must fulfill a good classical and theological education. He then decided to study Latin in order to work for his mission of winning souls for God. He went to Barcelona, Alcala, Salamanca, and Paris, where he studied philosophy for three years.

Food- Steroids. Anitbiotics. Sprays. Are food manufacturers killing us Research Paper

Food- Steroids. Anitbiotics. Sprays. Are food manufacturers killing us Annotated Bibliography - Research Paper Example olic disruptor ingredients like hydrogenated oil, sodium nitrite, aspartame, homogenized milk fats, monosodium glutamate, sodium nitrite and the like that can cause brain damage, cancer, and diabetes. Third, processed foods barely resemble the nature given food that they are due to over processing, overcooking, preserving with chemicals, pasteurizing, homogenizing and even irradiating. Simply put they are dead food that the human body no longer needs. This article presents two arguments: from the farmers and from the advocates of public health. The farmers insist that they have to feed the animals with antibiotics to keep them healthy and in order to keep pace with the demands of the U.S. consumers for cheap animal meat. Public health advocates on the other hand argue that such practice of farmers is giving breed to germs in animals that are resistant to antibiotic which causes deadly diseases to the consumers. The intervention of the U.S. government in banning the use of antibiotic in animals in the 1970s did not materialize. The FDA has outlined plans to phase out the use antibiotics for non-medical purposes in animals in the coming years has yet to be seen. The author showed why the use of antibiotics in farm animals was approved in the 1950s as well as the research conducted in the 1970s showing the bad effects of antibiotics especially on E. coli bacteria. The strong lobby from farmers and drug makers for the continuance of use of antibiotics such as tetracycline and penicillin after the result of the research was released forced the ruling of the FDA to ban these antibiotics to be ruled out. It will take some time before FDA will take its final stand on banning the use of antibiotics on farm animals. More statistics perhaps showing human deaths related to antibiotic-fed animals? In this article, the author presents the research on antimicrobial coating for liquid and film containers being conducted by Tony Jin at the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Jin is

Group Investigation And Report Sport Essay

Group Investigation And Report Sport Essay We invest in the national lottery and exchequer funding in organisations and projects that will grow and sustain participation in grassroots sport and create opportunities for people to excel at their chosen sport. Our structure reflects this focus. (Sport England) Sport Englands job is to improve sports participation on all levels, especially grassroots. They work in partnership with Youth Sport Trust which focuses on PE in schools and with UK Sport who focus on elite success. Sport England is a government agency responsible for building for foundations of sporting success, by creating a world-leading community sport system of clubs, coaches, facilities and volunteers. (Sport England) The mission of Sport England is to create a vibrant sporting culture working in partnership with various National Governing Bodies, Higher and further education sector and their national partners as well as local government and community organisations. The aims and targets are set around three areas, they are grow, sustain and excel. The aim of growing is to get one million people taking part in more sport and more children and young people taking part in 5 hours of PE and sport a week. This counts as 15% of the investment and sustain counts as 60% of the investment. The aim of sustaining is to have more people satisfied with their sporting experience and to have 25% fewer16-18 year olds dropping out of at least nine sports- badminton, basketball, football, hockey, gymnastics, netball, rugby league, rugby union and tennis. The final area is excel and this counts as 25% of the investment, and the aim is to improve talent development in at least 25 sports The staffing structure includes the main board which is responsible for setting direction, providing an extra level of governance and advice. There is also the executive team which is responsible for the day to day running of the business. Sport England work in 11 offices over England, one is the central office in London, nine other local offices and one shared service centre in Loughborough that deals with responses to funding applications and queries. There is a team executive director, they are responsible for the club and community part of the governments 5 hour sport offer for children and young people, including leading a number of programmes including leadership and volunteering. The next member of staff is the executive director for commercial, their role is to find and work with the commercial partners to generate  £50 million for community sport, and the team works innovatively to ensure that the partners derive real benefits from their investments. The next member of sta ff is the communications and public affairs executive director, they are responsible for helping the partners and the public understand what they do as an organisation. Another job role is the communities executive manager, their role is to help the national governing bodies deliver their plans at a local level; they do this by working with local partnerships. The next job role is the facilities and planning executive director, their role is to help create, support and maintain the buildings, facilities and spaces needed to play sport. The next job role is the finance and corporate services; the directorate is responsible for all the back office functions, including finance, ICT and legal services. There are also NGB and sport executive directors; their role is to help sports national governing bodies achieve their participation, satisfaction and talent development targets. The final job role is the research and strategy executive director, they provide evidence community sport need s to make the case for sport, monitor progress against the targets and learn about what works and why. Sport England is the world leading community sport system. Their funding from the National Lottery and the Government is used in projects to help grass root participation. They work in partnership with UK Sport, which has responsibility for elite success, and the Youth Sport Trust, which is focused on PE and school sport. They also bring together a wide range of partners from local and national government, the commercial sector, higher and further education and the third sector to make the most of their investment in sport. Although their main role is to protect playing fields threatened by potential developments, they provide a wealth of expertise on planning, facilities, coaching, volunteering and sports development. Sport England has ploughed funding into 46 National governing bodies to increase participation numbers and create pathways for talented players. 34 of the NGBs received targeted investment to get children and young people playing more sports. They will evaluate the pro gress and results in 2012 on the UK sports system. As an organisation they are working closely with a range of local, county and regional partners, such as local authorities, county sports partnerships and regional development agencies, to bring sport to people how, and where, they want it. In order for Sport England to be successful they have to work closely with a wide range of organisations. A few examples of these are: Their sporting landscape partners Youth Sport Trust and UK Sport National Governing Bodies of sports National partners Local authorities County Sports Partnerships Higher and Further Education The third sector The commercial sector London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and the Olympic Delivery Authority Sport England is actively involved with many projects helping to ensure a better sporting experience for the community. They use lottery and government funding in a wide range of projects, big or small.  £120 million was put in to the Wembley National Stadium; this is an example of a major project. They are currently involved with the Manchester indoor BMX proposal, Portsmouth 50m pool including athletics and cycling, National centres project upgrades and many, many more. Sport Englands main focus is to help develop community sports, therefore it aims to help invest in organisations and programmes that will help to increase participation and the opportunities people have in sport. Sport England states â€Å"In addition to our investment in key partners to deliver specific objectives, we are launching funding programmes open to a wide range of organisations. These include sports clubs, voluntary or community organisations, local authorities, schools, colleges and universities† One of the main partnerships Sport England works with to provide funding is the national lottery. Lottery funding states â€Å"Decisions about funding are made locally by the nine regional sports boards. Eligible projects will be assessed against the priorities laid out in each regions sports plan and the National Framework for Sport†. Sport England provides funding to increase participation but also helps in providing sports equipment, providing coaches and also helping to build new sports facilities. Another funding partnership Sport England has is with the national governing bodies of sports. Sports England states â€Å"We are investing  £480 million through 46 governing bodies over the next four years and have agreed grow, sustain and excel targets with each one. Each sport has developed a whole sport plan that explains how it will use this money to achieve these targets.† The PE and Sports Strategy for Young People is a development that aims in giving young people the opportunity of participating in 5 hours of sport and physical activity a week. The youth sports trust describes the strategy as â€Å"The Youth Sport Trust and Sport England are working with the DCSF and the DCMS on ways to help local delivery partners increase provision, demand and take-up amongst all young people (5-16 year olds) of their five hours a week of high-quality PE and sport (three hours for 16 -19 year olds)†. The makeup of the five hours will involve offering at least 2 hours a week of high quality curriculum PE to 5-16 year olds. As well as that they are offering an extra 3 hours of sport through both school, community and club opportunities. This 3 hours of sport reaches out further and is offered to 5-19 year olds. The thought behind offering it to young people over the age of 16, is down to the fact that after that age PE no longer becomes compulsory in the curriculum. Therefore Sport England believes at that age they still need to be given the opportunity to participate in some form of sport. As part of this strategy, Sport England has also developed programmes such as Club Links and Sports unlimited. As part of the Club Links programme, Sport England is not only trying to increase the amount of 5-19 year olds taking part in sport but also increase the amount of young people taking on leadership and volunteering jobs in sport. Sport England states â€Å"We are investing  £4.1m into the 34 sports to deliver an extra half million junior club participants or volunteers by 2012-2013† Sport England is funding these programmes in order to help achieve the 5 hour participation offer and help increase the links between clubs and school sport. The Sports Unlimited programme aims at providing sport to those considered ‘semi sporty, which are young people who have an interest in sport but are yet to participate in community or club sport. They aim to deliver alternative sports which are different to the usual sports that must community and clubs already offer. By doing this they aim to get more young people interested because of offering something innovative and fun. Each change that has been decided such as the 5 hour offer, sport unlimited, club links and especially step into sport have all got similar reasons of why they have changed for the good of improving sport. The main reason for these changes was to increase participation within community sport. This is done in three different ways through active communities which is to provide sport for everyone, so it was produced for anyone who wants to participate in sport. Active sports which is to support the sports participants especially the high quality and elite performers so they can gain more from their sports. And finally the last one is active schools and this is to ensure that school children get off to the right start in sport. They have also made these choices to support talented sports participants from all different classed, cultural backgrounds to progress to the elite level and more medals can come through the higher standards of performance in sport for example there is now a programme that has been set up for the world class performers, for those who compete at the highest levels such as their country. Some of these changes can also develop and maintain coaches. They help coaches to progress to a certain level of teaching and keep them constantly updated with new knowledge about each individual sport with new techniques and new tactical areas. They create a network and link of sporting specific clubs and multi sport clubs for the younger generation. This ensures communication and helps sport to be more organised through more people helping and more events and competitive sport can occur. This can also lead to an increase in people wanting to volunteer for these competitions or events or more jobs for those who are struggling to find work. It also helps increase fitness throughout the whole community by involving everyone as stated in the active communities were an increased number of participants is being adopted and worked upon, and there will be more facilities to participate in sport, as they aim to ensure the right facilities are provided in the correct places, and kept at a high standard which involves alto of planning, designing and development but new places entice people to use them therefore increasing participation. The new change step into sport has three reasons alone for why it has been started. It sustains involvement in leadership and volunteering in port. For the â€Å"personal change† in the younger people by supporting the development of inter personal skills, self confidence and a sense of responsibility. Finally its â€Å"structural change† through working with key agencies to offer broader opportunities for young people to make a formal and valued contribution to the delivery of sport. (lecture slides) References Sport England [online] last accessed 25th April 2010 at: http://www.sportengland.org/about_us.aspx Club Links [Online] last accessed 28th April 2010 at: http://www.sportengland.org/support__advice/children_and_young_people/community_and_club_activities/club_links.aspx Investing in National Governing Bodies [Online] Last accessed 30th April 2010 at: http://www.sportengland.org/funding/ngb_investment.aspx Funding Guidelines [Online] last accessed 1st may 2010 at: http://www.sportengland.org/funding.aspx Lottery Funding [Online] last accessed 30th April 2010 at: http://www.lotteryfunding.org.uk/uk/sport-england The PE Sport Strategy for Young People[Online] last accessed 28th April 2010 at: http://www.youthsporttrust.org/page/pessyp/index.html

Video Games in Popular Culture: an Exposition Essay -- Violent Gaming

Imagine for a moment, a world of death. For 200 years your family has been sealed away with a thousand other people, to protect you from the dangers outside. Now your father has disappeared, and it’s up to you to find him. After a harrowing escape from your subterranean home, you walk through a tunnel to the outside world, past dead bodies, stretched out in front of the door, as if to say â€Å"don’t leave us out here to die!† As you walk through the gate to the outside, and as your eyes slowly adjust to the sun you have never seen, a wasteland emerges before you. The world is devastated, destroyed and annihilated. Broken twisted hunks of metal lie next to a sign on the side of the mountain saying â€Å"scenic overlook† on your right, the broken remains of the interstate bridge stand as a monument to a destroyed culture. Petrified trees are all that remains of the local fauna. Off in the distance, all that remains is destruction. While you may think of this stunning visualization of a wonderful novel, this is actually one of the opening scenes from Todd Howard and Bethesda Game Studios’ â€Å"Fallout 3.† An examination of videogames in popular culture is a complicated one. There is a large debate as to what is the very first video game. The supposed earliest known video game was created by Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr. and Estle Ray Mann on a cathode ray tube in 1947. The game was a missile simulator similar to radar displays from World War II, and overlaid sheets of paper were used for targets since graphics were unknown at this time. On May 5, 1951, the NIMROD computer was presented in Britain. It used a panel of lights for its display and was used to play a game called â€Å"NIM†. Later, in 1952, Alexander S. Douglas made the first compu... ...lieve that video games in popular culture are a misnomer. Videogames are not â€Å"in† popular culture, they are â€Å"a part of† popular culture, just like TV, radio, and motion pictures. Bibliography 1.) Kutner, Lawrence Ph.D. and Cheryl K. Olson, Sc.D. Grand Theft Childhood: The Surprising Truth About Violent Video Games and What Parents Can Do . 1st. Simon & Schuster, 2008. 2.) "2008 SALES, DEMOGRAPHIC AND USAGE DATA." www.theesa.com. Jul/2008. Entertainment Software Association. 2 Nov 2008 . 3.) Hillis, Scott . "Video games don't create killers, new book says." Reuters UK 09May2008 2 Nov 2008 . 4.) "History of video games." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 2001. 2 Nov 2008 .